Abstract: The energy of dry hot rock is recognized by the international community as a high efficient and low carbon clean energy. The storage of dry hot rock is found to be tens times of the total amount of oil and gas in all countries. The development and utilization of dry hot rock is an important measure to deal with global climate change, low carbon environmental protection, energy saving and emission reduction, and pollution control and haze reduction. Based on the course of exploration and development, the present situation of the distribution, exploration and development of dry hot rock at home and abroad, the research and utilization of thermal reservoir are reviewed. The technical bottlenecks of exploiting and utilizing the energy of dry hot rock are analyzed, and the advanced technology of future exploration and utilization from the aspects of politica of various countries, energy transformation and development is discussed.