Abstract: Asphalt particles can effectively address the challenges of stabilizing oil production and controlling water cut in high-water-cut oil reservoirs. However, there are still issues that need to be resolved, such as a limited understanding of the microscopic migration patterns and plugging mechanisms of asphalt particles, as well as insufficient theoretical support for parameter optimization. A suspension solution of asphalt particles suspended in alcohol was prepared to facilitate the displacement of the asphalt particles, thereby enabling their entry into the micro-scale glass slice model. This model precisely replicates the actual pore distribution characteristics, thereby providing a direct means to observe the microscopic seepage behavior of asphalt particles. Subsequently, a core flooding experiment was conducted to verify the plugging performance of the asphalt particles under elevated pressure conditions. By comparing characteristic parameters, such as the residual resistance coefficient and the plugging rate before and after flooding, along with the variation in the T₂ spectrum curve, and considering the variation rates of oil increment and water cut, the injection parameters of the asphalt particles and their relationship with the pore throats were optimized. The experimental results indicate that mechanisms such as pore throat bridging, adsorption aggregation, and self-aggregation significantly enhance the seepage resistance of high-permeability channels, effectively redirecting fluid flow, and increasing the swept volume. Consequently, the objectives of controlling water production, increasing oil yield, reducing the water cut, and improving the recovery factor are achieved synergistically. For formations with an average pore radius of 30-50 μm, optimal results were obtained when using asphalt particles sized 100-120 mesh and injecting asphalt particles with a mass percentage of 2.0%-3.0%, which resulted in a reduction of the water cut by 8.21%. Asphalt particles have the advantages of causing low damage to the formation and low cost. The investigation of their microscopic migration characteristics offers a novel approach for profile control and flooding applications in high water-cut oil reservoirs.