车阳,刘宝凯,郭金玉,等. 地热U型井磁导向钻井连通关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(3):289-295. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202504007
引用本文: 车阳,刘宝凯,郭金玉,等. 地热U型井磁导向钻井连通关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(3):289-295. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202504007
CHE Yang, LIU Baokai, GUO Jinyu, et al. Key technologies for magnetic guidance drilling connection of geothermal U-shaped wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(3): 289-295. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202504007
Citation: CHE Yang, LIU Baokai, GUO Jinyu, et al. Key technologies for magnetic guidance drilling connection of geothermal U-shaped wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(3): 289-295. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202504007

地热U型井磁导向钻井连通关键技术

Key technologies for magnetic guidance drilling connection of geothermal U-shaped wells

  • 摘要: 地热能源的开发中采用U型井闭式换热,所有回灌水经密闭系统处理,其“取热不取水”的技术特点避免了由于回灌不充分或发生泄漏造成的地下水污染。U型井钻井需要直井段与水平井段实现点对点的精准对接,受大井深和轨迹调整难度的限制,常规定向钻井技术难以实现。研究基于现有的磁导向钻井技术,通过增加磁短节上磁柱数量以增强磁场强度,采用滤波降噪、角度补偿等方式有效提高测量精度,同时优化了磁导向工具、作业工艺参数等以扩大探测范围及提高技术适用性。优化后的磁导向工具在地面实验中展现出良好的工艺性能,方位误差±1.5°,距离误差±3%,耐温175 ℃。该技术应用到大庆朝热R3-U1井组,于井深3 907 m开始跟踪测量,于井深4 021 m完成磁导向测量,方位偏差仅为0.16°,轨迹精准对准直井目标靶点。研究成果解决了地热U型井精准连通的技术难题,实现了地热能源的高效提取,最大限度减少了地下水污染,为先进型地热系统的工业化推广提供了技术参考和现场经验。

     

    Abstract: In the development of geothermal energy, U-shaped well closed heat exchange is adopted, and all reclaimed water is treated by a closed system. Its technical feature of "taking heat without taking water" avoids groundwater pollution caused by insufficient or leaking reclaimed water. The drilling of U-shaped wells requires precise point-to-point docking between vertical and horizontal sections, which is difficult to achieve with conventional directional drilling techniques due to the limitations of large well depth and trajectory adjustment. The research is based on existing magnetic guidance drilling technology. By increasing the number of magnetic columns on the magnetic short section to enhance the magnetic field strength, effective measures such as filtering noise reduction and angle compensation are adopted to improve measurement accuracy. At the same time, the magnetic guidance tools and operating process parameters are optimized to improve the detection range and applicability. The optimized magnetic guidance tool demonstrated good process performance in ground experiments, with an azimuth error of ±1.5°, a distance error of ±3%, and a temperature resistance of 175 ℃. This technology was applied to the Chaore R3-U1 well group in Daqing. Tracking measurements began at a depth of 3 907 m and magnetic guidance measurements were completed at a depth of 4 021 m. The azimuth deviation was only 0.16°, and the trajectory was accurately aligned with the target point of the vertical well. The research results have solved the technical problem of precise connection of geothermal U-shaped wells, achieved efficient extraction of geothermal energy, minimized groundwater pollution, and provided technical reference and on-site experience for the industrial promotion of advanced geothermal systems.

     

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