吴刚,钟小军,范一文,等. 河套盆地光明构造超深井钻井提速关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(4):407-415, 422. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202505006
引用本文: 吴刚,钟小军,范一文,等. 河套盆地光明构造超深井钻井提速关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(4):407-415, 422. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202505006
WU Gang, ZHONG Xiaojun, FAN Yiwen, et al. Key technologies for drilling speed enhancement in Hetao Basin ultra-deep wells with Guangming Structure[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(4): 407-415, 422. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202505006
Citation: WU Gang, ZHONG Xiaojun, FAN Yiwen, et al. Key technologies for drilling speed enhancement in Hetao Basin ultra-deep wells with Guangming Structure[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(4): 407-415, 422. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202505006

河套盆地光明构造超深井钻井提速关键技术

Key technologies for drilling speed enhancement in Hetao Basin ultra-deep wells with Guangming Structure

  • 摘要: 河套盆地光明构造超深井普遍存在压力系统复杂、安全密度窗口窄、井壁稳定性差,局部地层可钻性差,井控风险高等技术难点,易发生溢、漏、塌、卡等复杂及故障,导致钻井时效低,钻井周期长。通过明确异常压力机理,建立了基于多因素地质力学模型的三压力剖面,指导了井身结构方案优化设计,解决了同裸眼井段上漏、下溢的难题;基于岩石力学参数剖面,研选个性化PDC钻头和大扭矩螺杆提速工具,优化了钻井参数;基于地层倾角认识及大尺寸井眼钟摆钻具组合防斜效果,推荐了垂直钻井工具配套螺杆的防斜打快钻井技术;基于高压水层井壁稳定性评价分析及钻井液抗污染实验结果,创新采用“控压出水安全钻进”技术,大幅降低了钻井液漏失量,减少了漏失次数;基于盐膏层分布特征及蠕变规律,优选油基钻井液体系,配套控压钻井、盐膏层安全钻井技术,井下遇阻、卡风险得到了有效控制,通过集成应用形成了适用于光明构造的钻井提速关键技术。该技术在3口井进行现场试验,平均钻井周期由322 d缩短至195 d,降幅达39.44%,大大加快了该区高效勘探开发进度, 同时为河套盆地超深井钻井提速积累了经验。

     

    Abstract: The ultra-deep wells in the Guangming Structure of the Hetao Basin commonly face technical challenges including complex pressure systems, narrow safe mud density windows, poor well stability, low rock drillability in localized formations, and high well control risks. These issues often lead to complex downhole events such as kicks, losses, collapses, and stuck pipe, resulting in low drilling efficiency and prolonged cycle times. On this basis, Abnormal-pressure mechanisms were clarified, and a three-pressure (pore-fracture-collapse) profile was built with a multi-factor geomechanical model. This guided the optimization of casing programs, eliminating the historic upper lost-circulation, lower influx problem in the same open-hole section. Using rock-mechanical-property profiles, customized PDC bits and high-torque screw acceleration tools were selected, and drilling parameters were optimized to raise ROP. Based on the understanding of formation dip angle and the anti-inclination effect of large-sized well pendulum drilling tool combination, the anti inclination and fast drilling technology of vertical drilling tool matching screw is recommended. Based on stability analysis of high-pressure water-bearing formations and contamination tests, the innovative managed-pressure water-out safe drilling technique was introduced, sharply reducing both mud losses and loss events. Considering salt/gypsum distributions and creep laws, an oil-based mud system was chosen, supported by managed-pressure drilling and salt/gypsum-safe techniques, effectively controlling sticking and tight-spot risks. The combined technology was field-tested in three wells. Average drilling cycle dropped from 322 days to 195 days, a 39.44% reduction, markedly accelerating efficient exploration and development. The effort also provides valuable experience for future ultra-deep drilling acceleration across the Hetao Basin.

     

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