苗强,韩金良,王维,等. 深层煤岩气超2 000 m水平井段钻井关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(5):545-553. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202507021
引用本文: 苗强,韩金良,王维,等. 深层煤岩气超2 000 m水平井段钻井关键技术[J]. 石油钻采工艺,2025,47(5):545-553. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202507021
MIAO Qiang, HAN Jinliang, WANG Wei, et al. Exploration and practice of key drilling technology for long horizontal sections over 2 000 m in deep coalbed methane (CBM) wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(5): 545-553. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202507021
Citation: MIAO Qiang, HAN Jinliang, WANG Wei, et al. Exploration and practice of key drilling technology for long horizontal sections over 2 000 m in deep coalbed methane (CBM) wells[J]. Oil Drilling & Production Technology, 2025, 47(5): 545-553. DOI: 10.13639/j.odpt.202507021

深层煤岩气超2 000 m水平井段钻井关键技术

Exploration and practice of key drilling technology for long horizontal sections over 2 000 m in deep coalbed methane (CBM) wells

  • 摘要: 长水平段水平井钻井技术在提高深层煤岩气单井产量和降低钻井成本方面具有巨大优势,已成为实现高效开发的关键。针对鄂尔多斯东缘斜坡带深层煤岩气水平井长水平段钻井面临的井壁失稳、轨迹控制难、摩阻扭矩大等难题,通过模拟计算井眼轨迹偏移距与摩阻扭矩的关系,优化确定了安全避障的偏移距;将井身结构由“导管+二开”优化为“导管+三开”井结构;采用“双二维+小三维”模式的六段制“直—增—稳—扭—增—稳”轨道剖面实现轨迹优化;钻井中集成应用“PDC钻头+1.25°单弯单扶螺杆+水力振荡器”增斜钻具组合与“PDC钻头+近钻头方位伽马+1.25°单弯双扶螺杆+水力振荡器”稳斜钻具组合,实现了精准轨迹控制;从“封堵防塌、化学疏水、润滑防卡”三个关键点入手,优化形成了强封堵、强抑制、强润滑的钻井液体系。最终,集成形成了以地质工程一体化设计、井眼轨迹控制、防塌钻井液及井眼清洁技术为核心的深层煤岩气长水平段钻井技术体系。该技术在JS6-3井台进行了现场试验,完钻3口井水平段长均突破2 000 m,并创造水平段“一趟钻”2 104 m记录,平均钻完井周期较设计缩短21.3%,水平段平均复合钻进比例93.8%,黑金靶体钻遇率96.0%。该技术为鄂尔多斯东缘斜坡带深层煤岩气高效开发提供了重要技术支撑,可为国内深层煤岩气长水平段水平井钻井提供技术参考和借鉴。

     

    Abstract: Deep coalbed methane (CBM) horizontal wells with long horizontal sections demonstrate significant advantages in enhancing single-well production and reducing drilling costs. Long horizontal section drilling technology has gradually become a key factor in achieving efficient extraction. To address the challenges encountered in drilling long horizontal sections in deep CBM wells in the eastern margin slope zone of the Ordos Basin, including wellbore instability, difficulties in trajectory control, and high friction and torque, this study optimized and determined the offset distance for safe obstacle avoidance by simulating the relationship between the well trajectory offset distance and friction/torque. The wellbore configuration was optimized as “conductor + three spud” design from “conductor + two spud”. The trajectory was optimized by using six-segment “vertical-build-hold-turn-build-hold” profile on the basis of “dual 2D + minor 3D” mode. The trajectory was precisely controlled by combining a “PDC bit + 1.25° single-bend single-stabilizer screw + hydraulic oscillator” building assembly and a “PDC bit + near bit azimuth gamma +1.25° single-bend double-stabilizer screw + hydraulic oscillator”holding assembly in drilling operation. The drilling fluid system was prepared with strong sealing, inhibition, and lubrication properties, focusing on such three key aspects as sealing to prevent collapse, chemical hydrophobicity, and lubrication to prevent sticking. Ultimately, an integrated drilling technology system for long horizontal sections in deep coalbed methane wells was developed, centered on geology-engineering integrated design, trajectory control, anti-collapse drilling fluid, and wellbore cleaning. Field trials conducted at the JS6-3 well pad successfully completed three wells with horizontal sections exceeding 2,000 meters, setting a record of 2104 m in one trip for horizontal section. The average drilling and completion cycle was reduced by 21.3% compared to the original design, with an average composite rate of penetration of 93.8% in the horizontal section and an average target penetration rate of 96.0% for the "black gold" reservoir. This technology provides crucial technical support for the efficient development of deep CBM in the eastern margin slope zone of the Ordos Basin. Moreover, it serves as a valuable reference for long horizontal section drilling technologies in similar deep CBM wells across China.

     

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